Food Chem 2026 Jan 20;506:148059. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.148059.

Novel sea-urchin-like PtAu nanoparticles enhanced electrochemiluminescence of nitrogen-vacancy carbon nitride for specific detection of Sudan III.

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A highly sensitive molecular imprinting electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor was developed for Sudan III detection in food. The sensor utilized nitrogen-vacancy carbon nitride (CNNV) as an efficient ECL emitter in the S2O82- system, with sea-urchin-like PtAu nanoparticles (PtAu NPs) and Ti3CN MXene serving as co-reaction accelerators and support material respectively to enhance signal intensity. Molecular imprinting was achieved using O-phenylenediamine (O-PD) as functional monomer, creating specific recognition sites for Sudan III. The detection mechanism was based on target-induced ECL quenching through electron transfer inhibition. The sensor showed excellent analytical performance with a wide linear range from 1 × 10-12 to 1 × 10-6 mol L-1 and an ultralow detection limit of 3.3 × 10-13 mol L-1 (S/N = 3). Real sample analysis demonstrated good accuracy and precision. The sensor maintained 87.5% of initial response after 20-day storage, indicating good stability. This method provides a reliable approach for monitoring Sudan III in food.

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