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ECB-ART-53396
Conserv Biol 2024 Nov 20;:e14419. doi: 10.1111/cobi.14419.
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Effects of deforestation on multitaxa community similarity in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Maurenza D , Crouzeilles R , Prevedello JA , Almeida-Gomes M , Schmoeler M , Pardini R , Banks-Leite C , Vieira MV , Metzger JP , Fonseca CR , Zanin M , Mendes AF , Boesing AL , Rezende AA , Filgueiras BKC , Barros CDS , Estavillo C , Peres CA , Esteves CF , Rigueira D , Faria D , Mariano-Neto E , Cazetta E , Capellesso ES , Vieira EM , Hasui E , Júnior EMSS , Ramos FN , Gomes FS , Paise G , Leal IR , Morante-Filho JC , Bogoni JA , Rocha-Santos L , Reis LCD , Querido LCA , Magnago LFS , Santos LGRO , Passamani M , Tabarelli M , Marques MCM , Lima MM , Matos MA , Graipel ME , Silveira MS , Pessoa MS , Safar NVH , Brancalion PHS , Porto TJ , Püttker T .


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Habitat loss can lead to biotic homogenization (decrease in β diversity) or differentiation (increase in β diversity) of biological communities. However, it is unclear which of these ecological processes predominates in human-modified landscapes. We used data on vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants to quantify β diversity based on species occurrence and abundance among communities in 1367 landscapes with varying amounts of habitat (<30%, 30-60%, or >60% of forest cover) throughout the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Decreases in habitat amount below 30% led to increased compositional similarity of vertebrate and invertebrate communities, which may indicate a process of biotic homogenization throughout the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. No pattern was detected in plant communities. We found that habitat loss was associated with a deterministic increase in faunal community similarity, which is consistent with a selected subset of species being capable of thriving in human-modified landscapes. The lack of pattern found in plants was consistent with known variation between taxa in community responses to habitat amount. Brazilian legislation requiring the preservation of 20% of Atlantic Forest native vegetation may be insufficient to prevent the biotic homogenization of faunal communities. Our results highlight the importance of preserving large amounts of habitat, providing source areas for the recolonization of deforested landscapes, and avoiding large-scale impacts of homogenization of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

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